Status of sablefish, <scp> <i>Anoplopoma fimbria</i> </scp> , aquaculture

Sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria (also called black cod), is a long-lived marine species with wide distribution extending from Baja California to Alaska, the Bering Sea, and through eastern coast of Japan. The landed weight sablefish in U.S. commercial fisheries not large compared other species; however, exceptional value has ranked it high such as pollock, sockeye salmon, Pacific cod. Sablefish are omega-3 fatty acids have white firm flesh superior quality taste. Current population levels lower relative historic ones harvests decreased within last decade. decreases wild populations stimulated development methods commercially aquaculture this species. Over 20 years, significant progress been made addressing production sablefish, while there still research that needs be completed, aquacultured by small number Canadian companies. In Northwest, relatively easy collect broodstocks transition them land-based rearing facilities. However, they must maintained at cold temperatures successfully reproduce. Captive for genetic selection available, though producers begun their own development. Incubation conditions yolk-sac larvae developed currently require long incubation periods low temperatures, elevated salinity, light exclusion. Although times long, do very much attention during phase. Exogenously feeding regimen rotifers Artemia prior dry feed habituation. tank characteristics, water turbidity, temperature, illumination, well live enrichments studied. With accomplished so far, survival rates 10–40% routinely obtained larval stage. Despite scarcity species-specific nutritional studies, researchers shown can cultured juvenile adult stage on salmon feeds. Off-the-shelf feeds used net-pen grow-out trials producers. addition, proven good cold-water model alternative research. Still, needed optimize requirements all life stages develop practical these nutrient profiles, schedules, produce life-stage specific diets since growth differs according size—most likely reflective complex history. Sexually dimorphic occurs typical period, affecting time harvest, proportion undersized (male) fish, thus overall economic return producer. Production all-female monosex offspring semi-commercial scale using F-1 progeny neomales (XX males) generated dietary treatment 17α-methyltestosterone now possible. Results long-term suggest harvest 2.5 kg stocking 75 g may reduced almost 3 months when stocks used. Econometric models reveal internal 11–15% higher mix-sex over 10-year period under cage culture conditions. susceptible diseases (furunculosis vibriosis) brought atypical Aeromonas salmonicida Vibrio anguillarum. Vaccination vaccines A. (typical atypical) demonstrated fish protected against subsequent challenge salmonicida, but only effective injection vaccine (not immersion) how protection lasts More required more vaccines, delivery, understand (ontogenetic environmental) promote or enhance pathogenesis.